R.C. Coy, Y. Michopoulos and J.P.T.
Wilkinson
Up until the 1980's the problems
facing lubricant formulators and marketers were simply those of meeting the
technical requirements set by Original Equipment Manufactures (OEMs) and
customers. However in the last ten years a whole extra set of requirements have
been introduced, through legislation, public concern and OEM pressures, dealing
with a lubricant's impact on the natural environment. Such impacts must be
examined through a lubricants full life cycle all the way from the original
product development programme through to ultimate disposal. Although a full
life cycle analysis is needed in order to assess the total impact of lubricants
in the environment, a subject well beyond the scope of this, have attempted to
highlight some recent developments in the following critical areas:
(a) Choices during formulation, especially those
dictated by current and emerging legislation,
(b) Impacts during use of the product including
such aspects as fuel economy, oil consumption and tailpipe emissions,
(c) Fate in the environment, with emphasis on the
disposal and/or recycling of used lubricants
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